Hoist.



W. 8. SMITH;

HOIST.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.2B. 1914.

Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

CDLUMEIA PLANOORAPH CO.,WASHINGTDN, D. c.

WILLIAM S. SMITH, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

HOIST.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

Application filed. February 28, 1914. Serial No. 821,648.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, WILLIAM S. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Cambridge, in the county of of MiddleseX and Commonwealth ofMassachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hoists.

My invention relates to that class of hoists in which a reciprocatingmovement is imparted to a movable mast for the purpose of raising andlowering the object to be moved.

My device is particularly adapted for use as an ash-hoist in an areawayor shaft, such as is usually provided in a sidewalk and customarilycovered with a removable grating or cover. A convenient and inexpensivemeans for operating this type of hoist is readily found in the ordinarycity service water pressure, and for that reason I preferably constructmy apparatus for operation by hydraulic pressure, as herein describedand illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but it is obvious thatother means could be used. In installing this device, the cylinder isordinarily placed in an upright position at the bottom of the areawayand so located that the arm on the top of the mast and the ash can, orother object to be moved, will clearthe sides of the areaway and theframe of the grating or cover when the mast is raised or lowered. It hasbeen found that under ordinary circumstances, a convenient form ofconstruction is that which embodies a series of sheaves so disposed withrelation to each other and the fixed or anchored end of the cable, thata movement at the ratio of three to one will be imparted to the free endof the cable, in comparison with the movement of the mast. I do not,however, confine myself to the ratio of three to one, nor to theoperation of my device as an ash-hoist. It has been successfully used ata six to one ratio in a dumb-waiter, and it is obvious that by areadjustment of the sheaves and the location of the anchored end of thecable, the regulation of the movement of the other end of the cable canbe varied at pleasure to meet the needs of any particular situation. I

My object has been to provide a compact and inexpensive hoist which canbe easily installed so that the mast when in its lowered position willbe below the level of the sidewalk or edge of the areaway under, or

V in which, it is customary to install such a the provision of means toprevent the mast H from turning to the right or left until the object tobe moved has reached a predetermined position.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation showing theapparatus with mast in lowered position installed in an areaway fittedwith a removable grating or cover. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional viewof the cylinder and piston. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view alongline 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view along line H ofFig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view along line 55 of Fig. 1.Fig. 6 is a side elevation on a reduced scale showing the apparatus withthe mast in raised position.

1 is a cylinder fitted with cylinderhead 2 by a tight joint at 1*, whichsaid joint may be formed in any suitable manner. Cylinderhead 2 isfurnished with inlet 5 which may be connected with a source of supply bymeans of pipe 6. At or near the other end of cylinder 1 is located plate3 which may be used to assist in fastening the apparatus to a supportand may be bored so as to receive an overflow pipe 7 to take care ofanydleakage which may pass by the pistonhea E2 is a cylinder plate whichfurnishes support for mast 11 and pulley 13, and is bored to receivetierods 1, 4 which are used in locking plates 2 and 3 and cylinderhead 2together. I have shown the source of supply as being controlled by anordinary threeway valve 8.

9 is a piston having head 10 and extending beyond plate 2 so as to forma mast 11. Plate 2 is preferably formed with a flange 12 as a supportfor sheave 13.

In order that sheave 13 may readily be adjusted to suit the requirementsof any particular job, I have found it advantageous to provide plate 2with a plurality of holes 14., 1d and slot 15. Under ordinarycircumstances, four tierods are found to be suflicient to fasten thecylinderhead and plates together. By the arrangement of additional holeslt above-described, tierods i, a may be put in position, and when theapparatus is to be installed, if it becomes necessary to make a slightreadjustment in order properly to locate sheave 13, by swinging it tothe right or left, this can readily be acconr plished by removing thenuts on tierods II, lifting plate 2 and turning it until another setfofholeslet, 1% is brought into alinement with the tierods. Sheave 13 maybe fastened in place on plate 2 by means of strap 13, bolt 13 and nut13, or in any other suitable manner, and a further adjustment of sheave13 is accomplished by loosening nut 18 and moving the sheave to theright or left as the case may be.

16 is an aperture through plate 2, of suflicient size to allow thepassage of mast l1, and it is of advantage to have this aperture of suchsize that plate 2 will act as a guide to mast 11. I preferably constructmast 11 and piston 9 integral, as illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, but it is obvious that a variety of other forms ofconstruction could be adopted.

17 is a key attached to, or made integral with, mast 11 and'adapted toslide in keyway 18 of guide 19. Key 17 is preferably made of suchlength, and guide 19 is preferably so located, that when mast 11 hasbeen sufiiciently raised, so as to bring the object to be moved into apredetermined position above the top of the areaway, key 17 will havepassed beyond keyway 18. In the ordinary form of construction, it is notdesirable that key 17 should be out of engagement with keyway 18 whenthe mast is in its lowered position, but, in the accompanying drawings,it has been shown as out of such engagement, thus permitting the mast tobe turned to the right or left when the object to be moved is at thebottom of the areaway, as well as when the object has been raised abovethe top of the areaway.

20 is an arm attached to and carried by mast 11. By means of the key andkeyway hereinbefore described, arm 20 is prevented from swinging toright or leftwhile the key is in engagement with the keyway, therebypreventing arm 20 and the object to be hoisted from coming intoengagement with the side of the areaway or the edge of the cover frame.

I preferably chamfer the edges of keyway 18, as illustrated in Figs. 1and at, and bevel the ends of key 17, as illustrated in Fig, 1, in ordermore readily to facilitate the entrance of the key into the keyway, andthus avoid the accuracy of adjustment by e the operaton which wouldotherwise be required in starting to raise or lower the mast. Guide 19is, of course, rigidly fastened to any suitable support.

21 and 22 are sheaves, one on either end of arm 20 and attached theretoby means of straps 23, or in any other suitable manner. 2a is a flexibleconnection such a cable, rope or chain whlch passes over sheaves 13,

moved. The other end of the flexible connection is rigidly anchored toarm 20, and,

in the present instance, is illustrated as being attached thereto sheave21.

The operation of my device is as follows: Pressure being admitted tocylinder 1 by turning valve 8, will cause piston 9 to rise carrying withit mast 11. The immediate entrance of key 17 into keyway 18 will holdmast 11 and arm 20 from turning until the free end of cable 24 hasreached a position above the top of the areaway, when key 17 will becomedisengaged from keyway 18 and arm 20 may be swung to the right or leftas desired. To facilitate this movement, it is obvious that piston 9 maybe allowed to turn in piston-head 10, or that the mast, piston andpiston-head may be turned in cylinder 1. I do not, however, limitmyself'to this precise form of construction as any one of several otherwell known forms of mechanical construction could beadopted to "permitthe movement above described. The upward by means of strap 23 ofmovement of the piston and mast will'carry sheaves 21 and 22, and, asflexible connection 2% isattached to arm 20, this operation will causean upward movement of the free end having hook 25 which will be at theratio of three to one in comparison with the speed and length of travelof the mast. hen different ratios are desired, such, for instance, as afour to one or six to one ratio, one end of the flexible connection 2 1would have to be anchored at some fixed point other than ings. Underordinary circumstances, I am enabled, by this arrangement, to installthe apparatus by placing the head of the cylinder on the bottom of theareaway, which is not infrequently on a level with the floor of L thebasement or cellar of the building in connection with which it isdesired to use the apparatus, thus obviating the necessity of boring ordigging as would ordinarily be the case with a ratio of two to one.' Byfas- .1 tening arm 20 to mast 11, so that one end of the arm is at agreater distance than the other from the mast, and locating the anchorfor the cable and the various sheaves so as mast to buckle and thefriction on guide 19 to balance the load, I overcome the tendency whichwould otherwise exist of causing the which would otherwise result fromthe adoption of a three to one ratio. By utilizing plate 3 to rigidlyfasten the top of cylinder 1 to a fixed support, the pull or strain atthat point of the apparatus is counteracted. The consequence is that bythis arrangement I approximate an equalization of the pull on theopposite sides of the mast, which results in an easy upward and downwardmovement of the mast with a minimum of friction and with little or notendency to tip or buckle.

Claims:

1. In a hoist, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein andextending beyond the end of said cylinder, means to cause said piston tohave a reciprocating movement, an arm carried by said piston, a sheaveon said arm, a plurality of other sheaves, a flexible member passingover said sheaves, means to hold one end of said flexible member, andmeans to prevent said piston from turning until the free end of saidflexible member has reached a predetermined position, and then to allowsaid piston to be turned to right or left.

2. In a hoist, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, means tocause said piston to have a reciprocating movement, a mast attached tosaid piston so as to move in conjunction therewith, a series of sheaves,

a flexible member passing over said sheaves and actuated by the movementof said mast, an anchor for one end of said flexible member, said memberand sheaves being so ar ranged that the free end of said flexible memberwill travel a greater distance and at higher speed than said mast, aguide for said mast, and a means to prevent said mast from turning untilthe free end of said flexible member has reached a predeterminedposition, and then to allow said mast to be turned.

3. In a hoist, the combination of a mast, means to cause said mast tohave an upward and downward movement, a plurality of sheaves, a flexiblemember passing over said sheaves, an anchor for one end of said flexiblemember and means to prevent said mast from turning until the free end ofsaid flexible member has reached a predetermined position and then toallow said mast to be turned, the arrangement of said anchor, flexiblemember and sheaves being such that when movement is imparted to saidmast, the free end of said flexible member willbe caused to travel adistance proportionately greater and at a higher rate of speed than thatof said mast.

4. In a hoist, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein andextending beyond the cylinder as a mast, an arm on said mast, a key onsaid mast, a guide for said mast, a

keyway in said guide, said key and keyway being so disposed that saidkey will slide in said keyway when said mast is moved and will be out ofengagement with said keyway when the arm 011 said mast has reached apredetermined position.

5. In a hoist, the combination of a cylinder having an inlet, a pistonin said cylinder and extending beyond one end thereof to form a mast, anarm carried by said mast, an adjustable plate attached to said cylinder,a fixed pulley, a pulley carried by said arm, a flexible member runningthrough said pulleys and having one end so anchored that the movement ofsaid mast will cause the free end of said flexible member to travel adistance greater than that traveled by said mast, and a guide for saidmast consisting of an interlocking key and keyway to hold said mast fromturning while said mast is being raised or lowered and to permit saidmast to be turned after it has been raised.

6. In a hoist, the combination of a cylinder, a cylinder-head therefor,a piston therein, means for admitting pressure into said cylinder at oneend thereof, so as to cause the piston to move toward the other end ofsaid cylinder and afterward to relieve said pressure so as to allow saidpiston to resume its original position, a mast connected with saidplston so as to move in conjunction therewith, an arm 011 said masthaving its respective ends at unequal distances from said mast, a plateattached to said cylinder and adapted to be used to fasten said cylinderto a support, an aperture through said plate for an overflow, anotherplate attached to said cylinder and adapted to be used as a guide forsaid mast, means for fastening said plates, cylinder and cylinderheadtogether, a sheave adjustably attached to the plate adapted to be usedas a guide for said mast, a pulley at or near each end of said arm, aflexible member fastened to the end of said arm which is the nearer tosaid mast and passing over the pulley attached to said plate and thepulleys attached to said arm, another guide for said mast adapted to befastened to a support, and means to hold said mast in movable engagementwith said last-mentioned guide so as to prevent the turning of said mastuntil the arm thereon has reached a predetermined position, and then topermit said mast to be turned.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses, this the twenty-fifth day of February, 1914:.

WILLIAM S. SMITH. Witnesses:

LEONA C. HILTZ, f ARTHUR P. HARDY.

lfopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

